Non-isotropic emission:
how to beam it?
3
...and how to verify if it is beamed?
Optical (narrow-band) observations of X-ray ionized nebulae around ULX
can tell us whether X-ray source is beamed
Thermal-timescale mass
transfer phase?
high mass transfer rate
beaming?
Analogy
with Galactic microquasars/microblazars
(King et al 2001)
(Fabrika et al 2000)