Astrophysical X-Ray Spectroscopy:  Then,
Then Again, and Now

Introduction

Late-Type Stars:  Then

Late-Type Stars:  Then Again

Late-Type Stars:  Now

Early-Type Stars:  Then

Early-Type Stars:  Then Again

Early-Type Stars:  Now

Early-Type Stars:  Now

X-Ray Binary Sources:  Then

X-Ray Binary Sources:  Then Again

X-Ray Binary Sources:  Now

Supernova Remnants:  Then

Supernova Remnants:  Then

Supernova Remnants:  Then Again

Supernova Remnants:  Then Again

Supernova Remnants:  Now

Supernova Remnants:  Now

Interstellar Absorption:  Then

Interstellar Absorption:  Then Again

Interstellar Absorption:  Now

Cluster Cooling Flows:  Then

Cluster Cooling Flows:  Then Again

Cluster Cooling Flows:  Now

Active Galactic Nuclei:  Then

Active Galactic Nuclei:  Then Again

Active Galactic Nuclei:  Now

Summary and Conclusions