Early-Type Stars:  Then
Harnden et al., 1979, Ap. J., 234, L51.
* Early-type stars were not known to
be X-ray sources prior to the
launch of the Einstein Observatory.
* This class of sources was
“discovered” serendipitously
through extended observations of
the binary Cyg X-3.  Five of the
brightest O and B stars in the
nearby VI Cygni association
showed up as point sources.
* They could only infer spectral
properties using broadband
countrates.  They typically found:
T ~ 5 - 10 MK, NH ~ 1022 cm-2, and
LX ~ few x 1033 ergs/s ~ 10-4 LV.